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Science and Technology

How the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station supports cutting-edge science

Sophie Caldwell

1. Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station (Antarctica)Located at 90 degrees south latitude, the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station sits on nearly 3,000 meters of ice and is one of the most remote…

Science and Technology

Tips for microbiome-friendly care following antibiotic courses

Sophie Caldwell

How antibiotics affect your microbiomeAntibiotics save lives by killing or inhibiting bacteria, but they are rarely selective only for pathogens. They reduce gut microbial diversity, shift relative abundances, and can…

Science and Technology

The 1846 surgery that lowered mortality rates through ether anesthesia

Sophie Caldwell

1. The First Successful Use of Ether Anesthesia (1846)Before the mid-nineteenth century, surgery was a brutal, last-resort intervention performed at lightning speed to minimize agony. On October 16, 1846, at…

Science and Technology

Key achievements of the Hubble Space Telescope explained

Sophie Caldwell

1. Hubble Space Telescope (HST)Launched in 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope transformed modern astronomy by orbiting above Earth’s atmosphere, eliminating atmospheric distortion. With a 2.4-meter primary mirror and instruments sensitive…

The 12 Scientific Experiments That Changed 20th Century Physics

Science and Technology

How 20th century physics was transformed by the Michelson–Morley experiment

Evan Harrington

1. The Michelson–Morley Experiment (1887)Although conducted at the end of the nineteenth century, the Michelson–Morley experiment set the stage for twentieth-century physics. Albert A. Michelson and Edward W. Morley attempted…

How are perovskite solar cells moving closer to commercial scale?

Science and Technology

How do perovskite solar cells compare to traditional silicon solar cells?

Sophie Caldwell

Perovskite solar cells are a class of photovoltaic devices that employ a perovskite-structured compound as their light-harvesting layer. Throughout the past ten years, these systems have evolved from experimental laboratory…